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DESCRIPTION:Inference of demography and selection from human gut commensal 
 microbiota \n\nNandita Garud\, UCLA\n	Tuesday October 8\, 12-1pm\n	Zoom Link
 : https://mcgill.zoom.us/j/89914150820\n	In Person: 550 Sherbrooke\, Room 1
 89\n	\n	Abstract: Despite the importance of gut commensal microbiota to huma
 n health\, there is little knowledge about their evolutionary histories\, 
 including their population demographic histories\, their distributions of 
 fitness effects (DFE) of new mutations\, or targets of adaptation. Here\, 
 we infer the demographic histories\, DFEs and selective sweeps from ~30 of
  the most highly prevalent and abundant commensal gut microbial species in
  North Americans over timescales exceeding human generations using a colle
 ction of lineages inferred from a panel of healthy hosts. We find some spe
 cies in North American microbiomes display contractions in population size
  and others expansions\, potentially occurring at several key historical m
 oments in human history such as the agriculture revolution. DFEs across sp
 ecies vary from highly to mildly deleterious\, with DFEs tending to be mor
 e congruent within genera versus between\, reflective of underlying phylog
 enetic relationships. Finally\, we discover pervasive selective sweeps acr
 oss human gut microbiomes\, including at key genesinvolved in the metaboli
 sm of maltodextrin\, a synthetic starch that has recently become a widespr
 ead component of Western diets. In sum\, we demonstrate that critical sele
 ctive and demographic events over the course of human history have had a s
 ignificant impact on genetic variation in the human gut microbiome.\n
DTSTART:20240908T160000Z
DTEND:20240908T170000Z
SUMMARY:QLS Seminar Series - Nandita Garud
URL:/qls/channels/event/qls-seminar-series-nandita-gar
 ud-359560
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